Smarte Ampelschaltung mithilfe von LiDAR

Many cities are faced with ever-increasing traffic volumes and the resulting congestion problems. Rising vehicle registration numbers are further exacerbating this issue, as more and more traffic participants are using a road network that was not designed to cope with such high volumes of traffic. 
To ensure efficient traffic flow nonetheless, local authorities face the challenge of using the existing infrastructure more intelligently, rather than expanding it at great expense.

The intelligent control of traffic light systems plays a central role in this. By adjusting red and green phases based on real-time traffic data, traffic flows can be specifically managed. However, the effectiveness of these solutions depends largely on the quality and accuracy of the traffic detection systems used. It is becoming increasingly apparent that traditional detection systems, which have been in use for decades, are reaching their technical and economic limits.

Induction sensors as the standard
Induction sensors have formed the backbone of traffic detection for decades. These conductive loops, embedded in the road surface, detect vehicles by measuring changes in the electromagnetic field. Their robustness, standardisation and low initial cost have made this method widely used.

However, there are some significant drawbacks to induction sensors:
Every installation or repair requires cutting into the asphalt. This causes road closures, construction site logistics and associated costs. Furthermore, there is no differentiation by vehicle type, so detecting bicycles or pedestrians is only limited or not possible at all.

LiDAR as an innovative alternative
LiDAR sensors use laser impulses to create a precise three-dimensional point cloud of their surroundings. Unlike conventional cameras, they do not require image-based analysis and are unaffected by lighting and weather conditions. As no personal data is collected, LiDAR also complies with data protection regulations.

The sensors can be mounted on existing structures such as traffic light poles, street lighting or building facades for use in smart city applications. This means the road remains untouched and the asphalt does not need to be cut open – meaning no construction sites, no road closures and no disruption to traffic flow. Intersections can also be equipped or adapted whilst traffic continues to flow. 

Future-proof traffic light control using LiDAR technology
Through comprehensive, three-dimensional coverage of the traffic environment using LiDAR, a continuous and detailed real-time picture of the entire traffic situation is available. This not only enables signal programmes to be adapted to the current situation, but also allows for their proactive optimisation.

Green phases can be dynamically controlled based on actual traffic flows. Information such as approach speeds, vehicle densities and the development of traffic queues is integrated into the signal control system. Traffic congestion can be detected at an early stage and specifically alleviated before it affects neighbouring junctions. At the same time, coordination between multiple traffic light systems along a stretch of road is improved, as decisions are based on reliable real-time data rather than static assumptions.